| a | α: | a’ as in father |
| â | ɜ | u’ as in but |
| ă | α | a’ as in hat |
| b | ɓ | b’ as in big |
| c | k | c’ as in cat |
| ch | t∫, c | ch’ as in church |
| d | z, j | z’ as in zoo (north), ‘y’ as in yes (south) |
| đ | ɗ | d’ as in done |
| e | ε | e’ as in get |
| ê | e | a’ as in mate |
| g | ɣ | g’ as in good |
| gh | ɣ | g’ as in good |
| gi | z, j | z’ as in zoo (north), ‘y’ as in yes (south) |
| h | h | h’ as in house |
| i | i | i’ as in machine (north), ‘b’ as in bit (south) |
| k | k | c’ as in cat |
| kh | kh, x | ch’ as in the German Bach |
| l | l | l’ as in life |
| m | m | m’ as in man |
| n | n | n’ as in nice |
| ng | ŋ | ng’ as in singer |
| ngh | ŋ | ng’ as in singer |
| nh | ɲ | ny’ as in cranyon |
| o | ɔ | o’ as in hot |
| ô | o | oa’ as in boat |
| ơ | ɜ: | u’ as in fur |
| p | p | watch video below |
| ph | f | f’ as in find |
| qu | kw | qu’ as in queue |
| r | z, ɹ | z’ as in zoo (north), ‘r’ as in ring (south) |
| s | s, ∫ | s’ as in sore (north), ‘s’ as in sure (south) |
| t | t | t’ as in stop |
| th | th | t’ as in top |
| tr | t∫, ʈɽ | ch’ as in church (north), ‘tr’ as in tree (south) |
| u | ʊ | oo’ as in boot |
| ư | ɨ | oo’ as in boot |
| v | v, j | v’ as in van (north), ‘y’ as in yes (south) |
| x | s | s’ as in sore |
| y | i | watch video below |